Glucophage (Metformin Hydrochloride)
Glucophage (Metformin Hydrochloride)
Glucophage is a leading prescription medication designed to help control high blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes. By managing your blood sugar, Glucophage assists in preventing kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. It may also reduce your risk of a heart attack or stroke. Metformin works by helping to restore your body’s proper response to the insulin you naturally produce. It also decreases the amount of sugar that your liver makes and that your stomach/intestines absorb.
Why Choose Glucophage (Metformin Hydrochloride)?
- Blood Sugar Control: Helps to effectively manage blood sugar levels.
- Long-Term Health Benefits: May reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications.
- Improved Insulin Sensitivity: Helps your body use insulin more effectively.
- Decreased Sugar Production: Lowers the amount of sugar your liver produces.
- Weight Management Support: Can assist in weight management efforts as part of a comprehensive treatment plan.
How to Use Glucophage (Metformin Hydrochloride)?
- Glucophage is typically taken 1-3 times a day with meals.
- Start with a low dose to minimize gastrointestinal side effects and then gradually increase the dose according to your doctor’s recommendations.
- Swallow the tablets whole with a glass of water. Do not crush, chew, or break them.
- If you are prescribed extended-release tablets, remember that they are designed to release the medication slowly in the body. Therefore, take them as directed, usually once daily with the evening meal.
- Consistency is key. Take Glucophage at the same time(s) every day to maintain an even level of the medication in your blood.
Important Safety Information about Glucophage
- Inform your doctor if you are allergic to metformin or have any other allergies.
- Disclose your complete medical history, especially relating to kidney disease, liver disease, or if you have conditions that may cause dehydration (such as severe infection, heat stroke, or severe vomiting/diarrhea).
- Avoid alcohol while on Glucophage, as it can increase the risk of lactic acidosis, especially if you have liver problems or any condition that predisposes you to it.
- Discuss with your doctor the risks and benefits of using Glucophage if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. Your treatment plan may need to be adjusted.
Fact Table for Glucophage
| Generic Name | Metformin Hydrochloride
|
| Brand Name(s) | Glucophage, Glucophage XR (extended-release), Fortamet, Glumetza |
| Drug Class | Biguanide |
| FDA Approval | Initially approved in 1995 |
| Indications | Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus
|
| How It Works
|
Decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization
|
| Dosage Forms
|
Tablet, Extended-Release Tablet
|
| Common Dosage
|
Start with 500 mg orally once a day with meals, gradually increasing to 2000-2500 mg per day in divided doses; the maximum dose can vary
|
| Administration | Oral, with meals to reduce gastrointestinal upset
|
| Side Effects | Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach upset, and a metallic taste in the mouth. Rare but serious: lactic acidosis
|
| Precautions | Avoid in patients with severe renal impairment; monitor kidney function regularly; use with caution in elderly patients |
| Interactions | Alcohol, iodinated contrast media, and certain medications (e.g., diuretics, steroids, and phenothiazines) may increase the risk of lactic acidosis or affect blood sugar levels
|
| Pregnancy Category | Category B (no evidence of risk in humans) |
| Breastfeeding | Consult with a healthcare provider; metformin is excreted into breast milk but is considered compatible with breastfeeding by some authorities.
|
| Monitoring Requirements | Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels, renal function tests, and hemoglobin A1c |
| Mechanism of Action | Increases insulin sensitivity, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose and reduces hepatic glucose output |
Common Side Effects of Artane
Like all medications, Glucophage (Metformin Hydrochloride) can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. Understanding these side effects can help you use this medication safely and effectively.
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Stomach upset
- Diarrhea
- Weakness
- Metallic taste in the mouth
If you experience any side effects, discuss them with your healthcare provider. They can offer advice and may adjust your treatment if necessary. Report any severe or unexpected side effects immediately.
How Can You Buy Glucophage (Metformin Hydrochloride)?
You can order Glucophage (Metformin Hydrochloride) using these methods on our website:
- Order Online
- Order by Phone
- Order by Fax
- Order your refills
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Dr. Conor Sheehy, PharmD, BCPS is a practicing clinical pharmacist that works in primary care.
He supports other members of the healthcare team including physicians, mid-level providers, nurses, and other clinical staff.
He also likes to use his drug knowledge to inform his patients and the public about the benefits and risks they can expect from their medications.
His clinical specialties include: anticoagulation, diabetes management, and psychiatric care.
Please call 1-800-258-0477 or email us if you have any questions or concerns.
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